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358 Geography Trivia Questions and Answers

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Easy Geography Trivia Questions

  1. How many red-and-white stripes are on the U.S. flag?

    13

    The U.S. flag carries 13 alternating red and white stripes, one for each of the original colonies. From 1795 to 1818 it briefly had 15, after Vermont and Kentucky joined, before Congress fixed the count back at 13.

    Easy · Also offered: 15, 48, 50 · Source: U.S. National Archives: The American Flag

  2. Which three colors make up Germany's flag?

    Black, red and gold

    Germany's flag is three horizontal bands of black, red and gold. The colors go back to the 1848 revolutions, were dropped under the Empire and again under the Third Reich, and returned with the Federal Republic in 1949.

    Easy · Also offered: Black, white and red; Red, white and blue; Green, white and red · Source: German Federal Government: National Flag

  3. Which color runs down the middle of Italy's flag?

    White

    Italy's flag runs green at the pole, white in the middle and red at the outer edge. The design dates from 1797, when Napoleon's Cispadane Republic adopted it.

    Easy · Also offered: Green, Red, Blue · Source: Italian Government: National Flag

  4. How many stars are on China's flag?

    5

    China's flag carries five yellow stars in the upper corner: one large star with four smaller ones curving beside it.

    Easy · Also offered: 4, 6, 7 · Source: Chinese Government: National Flag

  5. How many stars are on the United States flag today?

    50

    The current U.S. flag has 50 stars, representing the 50 states.

    Easy · Also offered: 13, 15, 45 · Source: U.S. National Archives: The American Flag

  6. How many continents are there in the model taught in most English-speaking schools?

    7

    The seven-continent model lists Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America. Some countries teach six or five instead, by joining Europe to Asia or the two Americas to each other.

    Easy · Also offered: 4, 5, 6 · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  7. Which of these makes maps?

    A cartographer

    A cartographer designs and draws maps, deciding what to show, what to leave out and how to project a curved Earth onto a flat sheet.

    Easy · Also offered: A calligrapher, A lithographer, A stenographer · Source: Oxford English Dictionary, 'cartographer'

  8. On which continent does most of Egypt lie?

    Africa

    Most of Egypt lies in Africa, although the Sinai Peninsula is in Asia.

    Easy · Also offered: Asia, Europe, South America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Egypt

  9. Which continent is Botswana on?

    Africa

    Botswana is a landlocked country in southern Africa.

    Easy · Also offered: Asia, Europe, South America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Botswana

  10. Which continent is Kenya on?

    Africa

    Kenya is located in eastern Africa.

    Easy · Also offered: Asia, Europe, South America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Kenya

  11. Which continent is Madagascar on?

    Africa

    Madagascar is an island country off the southeastern coast of Africa.

    Easy · Also offered: Asia, Oceania, South America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Madagascar

  12. Which continent is Morocco on?

    Africa

    Morocco is in northwestern Africa.

    Easy · Also offered: Europe, Asia, South America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Morocco

  13. Which continent is Tunisia on?

    Africa

    Tunisia is located in northern Africa.

    Easy · Also offered: Europe, Asia, South America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Tunisia

  14. On which continent are the Alps?

    Europe

    The range runs about 1,200 kilometers through eight countries, from France and Monaco in the west to Slovenia in the east, and rose from the slow collision of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates. Its highest point, Mont Blanc on the French-Italian border, reaches 4,808 meters.

    Easy · Also offered: Asia, Africa, South America · Source: Encyclopædia Britannica

  15. Into which ocean does the Amazon River drain?

    Atlantic Ocean

    The Amazon flows east across South America and enters the Atlantic Ocean.

    Easy · Also offered: Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean · Source: Encyclopædia Britannica

  16. What is the capital of the Netherlands?

    Amsterdam

    Amsterdam is the constitutional capital of the Netherlands.

    Easy · Also offered: Brussels, Copenhagen, Berlin · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  17. On which continent are the Andes Mountains?

    South America

    The Andes run about 7,000 km down the western edge of South America, through Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina. They are the longest continental mountain range in the world.

    Easy · Also offered: North America, Africa, Asia · Source: Encyclopædia Britannica

  18. In which country is Angel Falls?

    Venezuela

    Angel Falls is in southeastern Venezuela, within Canaima National Park.

    Easy · Also offered: Colombia, Brazil, Peru · Source: NASA Earth Observatory, Venezuela's Flat-Topped Mountains

  19. Which ocean is smallest by surface area?

    Arctic Ocean

    The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the five oceans by surface area.

    Easy · Also offered: Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Southern Ocean · Source: National Geographic

  20. In which U.S. state is the Grand Canyon?

    Arizona

    Grand Canyon National Park lies entirely within Arizona.

    Easy · Also offered: Utah, Nevada, Colorado · Source: National Park Service

  21. On which continent does most of Turkey lie?

    Asia

    About 97% of Turkey's land is in Asia, on the Anatolian peninsula. The remaining sliver, East Thrace, sits in southeastern Europe, and the Bosporus, the Sea of Marmara and the Dardanelles run between the two halves, splitting Istanbul down the middle.

    Easy · Also offered: Europe, Africa, North America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Turkey

  22. Which continent is Laos on?

    Asia

    Laos is a landlocked country in mainland Southeast Asia.

    Easy · Also offered: Oceania, Europe, Africa · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Laos

  23. Which continent is Mongolia on?

    Asia

    Mongolia is a landlocked country in east-central Asia.

    Easy · Also offered: Europe, North America, South America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Mongolia

  24. Which continent is Nepal on?

    Asia

    Nepal is a landlocked country in southern Asia.

    Easy · Also offered: Europe, Africa, North America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Nepal

  25. What is the capital of Greece?

    Athens

    The city takes its name from Athena, goddess of wisdom, and has been continuously inhabited for more than 3,000 years. The Parthenon, its best known landmark on the Acropolis, was completed in 438 BC.

    Easy · Also offered: Sofia, Rome, Nicosia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  26. Which city is New Zealand's largest by population, though it is not the capital?

    Auckland

    Auckland sits on a narrow isthmus built across roughly 50 volcanic cones; the most recent, Rangitoto Island, erupted only about 600 years ago. The city holds roughly a third of the country's entire population.

    Easy · Also offered: Wellington, Christchurch, Hamilton · Source: Stats NZ, 2018 Census

  27. Which continent is smallest by land area?

    Australia

    Australia is the smallest of the seven continents by land area.

    Easy · Also offered: Europe, South America, Antarctica · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  28. Which country is the island of Tasmania part of?

    Australia

    Tasmania is an island state of Australia south of the mainland.

    Easy · Also offered: New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Fiji · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Tasmania”

  29. What is the capital of Iraq?

    Baghdad

    Baghdad is the capital of Iraq.

    Easy · Also offered: Dushanbe, Manama, Baku · Source: CIA World Factbook

  30. What is the capital of China?

    Beijing

    Beijing is the capital of China.

    Easy · Also offered: Tokyo, Seoul, New Delhi · Source: CIA World Factbook

  31. What is the capital of Lebanon?

    Beirut

    Beirut is the capital of Lebanon.

    Easy · Also offered: Damascus, Amman, Nicosia · Source: CIA World Factbook

  32. What is the capital of Germany?

    Berlin

    Berlin is the national capital of Germany.

    Easy · Also offered: Vienna, Warsaw, Prague · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  33. What is the capital of Switzerland?

    Bern

    Bern is Switzerland's federal city and de facto capital.

    Easy · Also offered: Vienna, Vaduz, Ljubljana · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  34. Which city is Colombia's capital?

    Bogotá

    Bogotá is the capital of Colombia.

    Easy · Also offered: Caracas, Quito, Paramaribo · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  35. What country is famously shaped like a boot?

    Italy

    Italy is famously shaped like a boot, with its peninsula extending into the Mediterranean Sea. The island of Sicily lies just off the “toe” of the boot.

    Easy · Also offered: Croatia, Vietnam, Chile · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  36. Which country does the Amazon River mainly flow through?

    Brazil

    Most of the Amazon River's course lies in Brazil.

    Easy · Also offered: Peru, Colombia, Bolivia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Amazon River"

  37. What is the capital of Belgium?

    Brussels

    Brussels is the national capital of Belgium.

    Easy · Also offered: Amsterdam, Luxembourg, Paris · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  38. What is the capital of Romania?

    Bucharest

    Bucharest is Romania's capital and its largest city, out on the plain in the south of the country. Its centre is dominated by the Palace of the Parliament, the vast government building Nicolae Ceausescu raised in the 1980s.

    Easy · Also offered: Sofia, Belgrade, Chisinau · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  39. What is the capital of Hungary?

    Budapest

    Budapest is the national capital of Hungary.

    Easy · Also offered: Vienna, Bratislava, Belgrade · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  40. Which U.S. state contains the Golden Gate Bridge?

    California

    The Golden Gate Bridge connects San Francisco and Marin County in California.

    Easy · Also offered: Washington, Oregon, Pennsylvania · Source: Golden Gate Bridge District

  41. Which country does the island of Newfoundland belong to?

    Canada

    Newfoundland is part of Canada's province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

    Easy · Also offered: United States, Iceland, Ireland · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Newfoundland”

  42. Which canal connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea?

    The Suez Canal

    The Suez Canal crosses Egypt and provides a sea route between Europe and the Indian Ocean without sailing around Africa. It opened to navigation in 1869.

    Easy · Also offered: The Panama Canal, The Kiel Canal, The Corinth Canal · Source: Suez Canal Authority

  43. What is the capital of Argentina?

    Buenos Aires

    Buenos Aires stands on the western shore of the Rio de la Plata. It is one of South America's major cultural and economic centers.

    Easy · Also offered: Santiago, Montevideo, Asuncion · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  44. What is the capital city of Australia?

    Canberra

    Canberra was built to be the capital, chosen as a compromise between the rival claims of Sydney and Melbourne and laid out to a plan by the architects Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin.

    Easy · Also offered: Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane · Source: Australian Government

  45. What is the capital city of Brazil?

    Brasília

    Brasília has been Brazil's capital since 1960, when the capital moved inland from Rio de Janeiro.

    Easy · Also offered: Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Salvador · Source: gov.br

  46. What is the capital city of Canada?

    Ottawa

    Ottawa sits in Ontario on the Ottawa River, across the water from Gatineau in Quebec. Queen Victoria picked it in 1857, partly because it stood on the line between English- and French-speaking Canada and far enough inland to be defensible.

    Easy · Also offered: Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver · Source: Official institutional reference

  47. What is the capital city of Egypt?

    Cairo

    Cairo is Egypt's capital and largest metropolitan center, on the Nile.

    Easy · Also offered: Alexandria, Luxor, Giza · Source: Encyclopædia Britannica

  48. What is the capital of Iceland?

    Reykjavik

    Reykjavik is Iceland's coastal capital and the world's northernmost national capital. Geothermal energy supplies much of its heating.

    Easy · Also offered: Oslo, Helsinki, Stockholm · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  49. What is the capital of Kenya?

    Nairobi

    Nairobi is Kenya's capital and sits near the country's southern highlands. Nairobi National Park lies immediately south of the city.

    Easy · Also offered: Kampala, Kigali, Addis Ababa · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  50. What is the capital city of Mongolia?

    Ulaanbaatar

    Ulaanbaatar lies in the Tuul River valley in north-central Mongolia. It is the country's political and economic center and one of the world's coldest capitals.

    Easy · Also offered: Astana, Bishkek, Tashkent · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  51. What is the capital of Morocco?

    Rabat

    Rabat is Morocco's political capital on the Atlantic coast. Casablanca is larger and more commercially prominent, but it is not the national capital.

    Easy · Also offered: Casablanca, Marrakesh, Fez · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  52. What is the capital of New Zealand?

    Wellington

    Wellington stands at the southern tip of the North Island, on a harbour at the edge of Cook Strait. It took the capital from Auckland in 1865, largely because South Island settlers could actually reach it.

    Easy · Also offered: Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin · Source: New Zealand Government

  53. What is the capital of Nigeria?

    Abuja

    Abuja is Nigeria's capital; Lagos remains its largest city and a major economic centre.

    Easy · Also offered: Lagos, Kano, Ibadan · Source: Federal Republic of Nigeria E-Government Portal, About Government

  54. What is the capital of Portugal?

    Lisbon

    Lisbon sits on the Atlantic coast at the mouth of the Tagus River. It is one of western Europe's oldest capital cities.

    Easy · Also offered: Madrid, Rome, Athens · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  55. What is the capital of Thailand?

    Bangkok

    Bangkok lies on the Chao Phraya River near the Gulf of Thailand. Its official ceremonial name is one of the world's longest place names.

    Easy · Also offered: Hanoi, Phnom Penh, Vientiane · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  56. What is the capital of Vietnam?

    Hanoi

    Hanoi is Vietnam's capital; Ho Chi Minh City is the country's largest city.

    Easy · Also offered: Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, Hue · Source: United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names, Hanoi city details

  57. What is the making and study of maps called?

    Cartography

    Cartography is the design and production of maps, from the choice of projection down to the symbols, colours and lettering. Topography describes the shape of the land itself, surveying is the on-the-ground measurement of land and boundaries, and geodesy is the precise measurement of the Earth's size and shape.

    Easy · Also offered: Topography, Surveying, Geodesy · Source: Merriam-Webster Dictionary, cartography

  58. What body of water separates Great Britain from northern France?

    English Channel

    The English Channel connects the Atlantic Ocean with the North Sea. Its narrowest section, the Strait of Dover, is about 34 kilometers wide.

    Easy · Also offered: North Channel, Bristol Channel, St George's Channel · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  59. Which country does the Yangtze River, Asia's longest river, mainly flow through?

    China

    The Yangtze's entire main course lies within China.

    Easy · Also offered: India, Mongolia, Japan · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Yangtze River"

  60. What shape encloses the center of South Korea's flag?

    circle

    The red-and-blue taegeuk emblem is circular.

    Easy · Also offered: diamond, square, triangle · Source: Republic of Korea Government: Taegeukgi

  61. On which continent is the South Pole located?

    Antarctica

    Antarctica surrounds the South Pole and is covered by a vast ice sheet. The Arctic is a polar region centered on the North Pole, not a continent.

    Easy · Also offered: Asia, Europe, South America · Source: National Geographic Society

  62. On which continent is the Amazon rainforest primarily located?

    South America

    The Amazon rainforest spreads across several South American countries, with most of its area in Brazil. The Amazon River and its tributaries drain the region.

    Easy · Also offered: Africa, Asia, North America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  63. What is the capital of Denmark?

    Copenhagen

    The city's name comes from Old Danish words meaning merchants' harbour, first written down in 1253. Since 2000 it has been linked to Sweden by the Oresund Bridge, a combined bridge and tunnel crossing.

    Easy · Also offered: Oslo, Stockholm, Helsinki · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  64. In which country are the pyramids of Giza located?

    Egypt

    The pyramids of Giza stand near Cairo on the west bank of the Nile. The Great Pyramid was built as a tomb for the pharaoh Khufu.

    Easy · Also offered: Sudan, Libya, Jordan · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  65. Off the coast of which country is the Great Barrier Reef?

    Australia

    The Great Barrier Reef stretches along Queensland's northeastern coast in the Coral Sea. It is the world's largest coral reef system.

    Easy · Also offered: Indonesia, Philippines, Fiji · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  66. In which country is Machu Picchu located?

    Peru

    Machu Picchu is an Inca citadel in Peru's Andes Mountains. Its stone terraces and buildings sit high above the Urubamba River valley.

    Easy · Also offered: Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  67. In which country is Mount Fuji?

    Japan

    Mount Fuji is Japan's highest mountain and an active stratovolcano on Honshu; its most recent eruption was in 1707. Its symmetrical cone has become a major symbol of the country.

    Easy · Also offered: China, South Korea, Taiwan · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  68. Mount Kilimanjaro is in which country?

    Tanzania

    Kilimanjaro rises in northeastern Tanzania, just south of the Kenyan border. At 5,895 metres it is Africa's highest mountain and the tallest free-standing mountain on Earth.

    Easy · Also offered: Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda · Source: Tanzania National Parks

  69. In which country is the Atacama Desert primarily located?

    Chile

    The Atacama occupies a long strip of northern Chile between the Pacific Ocean and the Andes. Its extreme dryness is linked to cold offshore currents and rain-shadow effects.

    Easy · Also offered: Peru, Argentina, Bolivia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  70. What symbol is centered on Switzerland's flag?

    cross

    Switzerland's flag places a white cross on a red field.

    Easy · Also offered: star, circle, crescent · Source: Swiss Confederation: Swiss Flag

  71. What is the world's deepest freshwater lake?

    Lake Baikal

    Lake Baikal reaches about 1,642 meters deep in Siberia. It contains roughly 23 percent of the world's unfrozen surface freshwater and is home to many endemic species.

    Easy · Also offered: Lake Tanganyika, Great Slave Lake, Lake Vättern · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  72. What is the deepest ocean trench on Earth?

    Mariana Trench

    The Mariana Trench lies in the western Pacific. Its lowest known point, Challenger Deep, sits nearly 11 kilometres down, deep enough to swallow Mount Everest with more than two kilometres to spare.

    Easy · Also offered: Tonga Trench, Kermadec Trench, Philippine Trench · Source: NOAA Ocean Exploration

  73. Which desert covers much of North Africa?

    Sahara

    The Sahara stretches across much of northern Africa from the Atlantic coast to the Red Sea. It contains sand seas, rocky plateaus, mountains, and oases.

    Easy · Also offered: Gobi, Kalahari, Atacama · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  74. What is the capital of Bangladesh?

    Dhaka

    Dhaka, on the Buriganga River, is the capital and by far the largest city of Bangladesh, and one of the most densely populated cities on Earth.

    Easy · Also offered: Kathmandu, Colombo, Islamabad · Source: CIA World Factbook

  75. What is the capital of Qatar?

    Doha

    Doha is the capital of Qatar.

    Easy · Also offered: Manama, Abu Dhabi, Kuwait City · Source: CIA World Factbook

  76. What is the capital of Ireland?

    Dublin

    Dublin is the national capital of Ireland.

    Easy · Also offered: London, Paris, Brussels · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  77. Iceland straddles two tectonic plates. Which continent is it conventionally counted as part of?

    Europe

    Iceland is conventionally classified as a European country.

    Easy · Also offered: North America, Asia, Africa · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Iceland

  78. What is a fjord?

    A sea-filled glacial valley

    A fjord is a long, narrow sea inlet formed when a glacier-carved valley is flooded.

    Easy · Also offered: A lava-formed coastal inlet, A sand-carved inland basin, A reef-ringed tropical lagoon · Source: US National Park Service

  79. What U.S. state is home to the Everglades?

    Florida

    The Everglades and Everglades National Park are in southern Florida.

    Easy · Also offered: Louisiana, Georgia, Texas · Source: National Park Service

  80. Which U.S. state is called the Sunshine State?

    Florida

    Sunshine State is Florida's official nickname.

    Easy · Also offered: California, Arizona, Texas · Source: Florida Department of Management Services

  81. Which country does the island of Corsica belong to?

    France

    Corsica is a French island in the Mediterranean Sea.

    Easy · Also offered: Italy, Spain, Greece · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Corsica”

  82. Which U.S. state is known as the Peach State?

    Georgia

    Peach State is Georgia's well-known state nickname.

    Easy · Also offered: South Carolina, Alabama, Tennessee · Source: State Symbols USA

  83. In which country is Mount Olympus?

    Greece

    Mount Olympus is located in northern Greece.

    Easy · Also offered: Turkey, Italy, North Macedonia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Mount Olympus

  84. Which country is the island of Crete part of?

    Greece

    Crete is a Greek island in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.

    Easy · Also offered: Cyprus, Turkey, Italy · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Crete”

  85. What does GMT stand for, in the time standard measured at London's Royal Observatory?

    Greenwich Mean Time

    Greenwich Mean Time is the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, which sits on the prime meridian.

    Easy · Also offered: Global Meridian Time, Greenwich Meridian Time, General Marine Time · Source: Royal Museums Greenwich

  86. What is Cuba's capital?

    Havana

    Spanish colonists founded the city in 1519, and by the 1600s its harbour had become one of the Caribbean's busiest shipbuilding centres. The well-preserved colonial core, Old Havana, was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982.

    Easy · Also offered: Nassau, Roseau, Georgetown · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  87. What is the capital of Finland?

    Helsinki

    Helsinki is the national capital of Finland.

    Easy · Also offered: Stockholm, Oslo, Tallinn · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  88. Which mountain has the highest summit above sea level?

    Mount Everest

    Mount Everest rises 8,848.86 meters above sea level on the Nepal-China border. Mauna Kea is taller when measured from its underwater base, but not by elevation above sea level.

    Easy · Also offered: K2, Lhotse, Kangchenjunga · Source: National Geographic Society, Geography reference

  89. Which elevated region has the highest mean elevation worldwide?

    The Tibetan Plateau

    The Tibetan Plateau is widely recognized as the world's highest plateau. The other options are genuine plateaus but are substantially lower.

    Easy · Also offered: The Colorado Plateau, The Iranian Plateau, The Deccan Plateau · Source: Geography research brief; Encyclopaedia Britannica

  90. Which country does the Ganges River mainly flow through?

    India

    The Ganges runs across northern India before entering Bangladesh.

    Easy · Also offered: Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Ganges River"

  91. The island of Bali belongs to which country?

    Indonesia

    Bali is one of more than 17,000 islands that make up Indonesia, and the only Indonesian province with a Hindu majority, which is why its temples and festivals look so unlike the rest of the country.

    Easy · Also offered: Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Bali”

  92. Through which ocean does the International Date Line mostly pass?

    Pacific Ocean

    The International Date Line mostly follows the 180th meridian across the Pacific, with deviations around countries and islands.

    Easy · Also offered: Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean · Source: Encyclopædia Britannica

  93. What is the capital of Pakistan?

    Islamabad

    Islamabad was purpose-built in the 1960s to take over as capital from Karachi, and sits next to the much older city of Rawalpindi.

    Easy · Also offered: Karachi, Lahore, Rawalpindi · Source: CIA World Factbook

  94. Which large island nation lies off the southeastern coast of Africa, east of Mozambique?

    Madagascar

    Madagascar is the world's fourth-largest island and is separated from mainland Africa by the Mozambique Channel. Its long isolation produced many species found nowhere else.

    Easy · Also offered: Mauritius, Seychelles, Comoros · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  95. What is Turkey's most populous city?

    Istanbul

    Istanbul is Turkey’s most populous city. It lies on both sides of the Bosphorus, spanning Europe and Asia.

    Easy · Also offered: İzmir, Bursa, Antalya · Source: Turkish Statistical Institute, Address-Based Population Registration System

  96. What is an isthmus?

    A narrow land bridge

    An isthmus is a narrow strip of land connecting two larger land areas and separating two bodies of water.

    Easy · Also offered: A deep ocean trench, A river delta, A mountain glacier · Source: National Geographic Education

  97. Which Italian city is built on a group of islands in a lagoon?

    Venice

    Venice was built across numerous small islands in a lagoon on Italy's Adriatic coast. Its historic center is connected by canals and hundreds of bridges.

    Easy · Also offered: Genoa, Naples, Palermo · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  98. In which country is Mount Vesuvius?

    Italy

    Mount Vesuvius rises near Naples in southern Italy.

    Easy · Also offered: Greece, France, Spain · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Mount Vesuvius

  99. Which country does the island of Sardinia belong to?

    Italy

    Sardinia is an autonomous region of Italy and the second-largest island in the Mediterranean, sitting just south of French Corsica.

    Easy · Also offered: France, Spain, Greece · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Sardinia”

  100. What is the capital of Afghanistan?

    Kabul

    Kabul sits in a narrow valley in eastern Afghanistan, high in the Hindu Kush. It replaced Kandahar as the capital in 1776.

    Easy · Also offered: Islamabad, Tashkent, Dushanbe · Source: CIA World Factbook

  101. What is the capital of Nepal?

    Kathmandu

    Kathmandu is the capital of Nepal.

    Easy · Also offered: Bandar Seri Begawan, Dushanbe, Bishkek · Source: CIA World Factbook

  102. Which lake is shared by Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya?

    Lake Victoria

    Lake Victoria is Africa's largest lake by surface area and is a major source region for the White Nile. Its shoreline is divided among the three named countries.

    Easy · Also offered: Lake Tanganyika, Lake Malawi, Lake Turkana · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  103. Which small country lies in the Pyrenees between France and Spain?

    Andorra

    Andorra is a landlocked country in the Pyrenees.

    Easy · Also offered: Monaco, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg · Source: CIA World Factbook

  104. Which continent is the largest by land area?

    Asia

    Asia covers roughly 44.6 million square kilometers, about one-third of Earth's total land area. It also contains more than half of the world's human population.

    Easy · Also offered: Africa, North America, South America · Source: National Geographic Society

  105. Which country has the largest total area?

    Russia

    Russia spans eastern Europe and northern Asia, crossing 11 time zones. Its territory includes tundra, forests, steppes, and many mountain ranges.

    Easy · Also offered: Canada, China, United States · Source: National Geographic Society, Geography reference

  106. Which lake is the world's largest freshwater lake by surface area?

    Lake Superior

    Lake Superior covers about 82,000 square kilometers along the United States-Canada border. By total surface area, the saltwater Caspian Sea is larger, but it is not a freshwater lake.

    Easy · Also offered: Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Baikal · Source: Geography research brief; Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory

  107. What is the world's largest island, excluding landmasses classified as continents?

    Greenland

    Greenland is the largest island and is geographically part of North America. About four-fifths of its surface is covered by an ice sheet.

    Easy · Also offered: New Guinea, Borneo, Madagascar · Source: National Geographic Society, Geography reference

  108. Which ocean is the largest by surface area?

    The Pacific Ocean

    The Pacific Ocean covers more area than all of Earth's land combined and spans the greatest area of the global ocean.

    Easy · Also offered: The Atlantic Ocean, The Indian Ocean, The Southern Ocean · Source: NOAA geographic reference

  109. Which country has the largest population?

    India

    India passed China in 2023 to become the world's most populous country, with more than 1.4 billion people. China's population has started to fall while India's is still growing.

    Easy · Also offered: China, United States, Indonesia · Source: United Nations, Population

  110. What is the capital of the United Kingdom?

    London

    London is the national capital of the United Kingdom.

    Easy · Also offered: Dublin, Paris, Amsterdam · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  111. What is the world's longest continental mountain range?

    The Andes

    The Andes stretch for more than 7,000 kilometers along the western edge of South America. They pass through or along seven countries, including Chile, Peru, and Argentina.

    Easy · Also offered: The Himalayas, The Rocky Mountains, The Alps · Source: Geography research brief; Encyclopaedia Britannica

  112. Which pair of countries shares the world's longest land border by total length?

    Canada-United States

    The Canada-United States boundary is about 8,893 kilometers long, including the Alaska-Canada section. Much of it is not marked by a physical wall or fence.

    Easy · Also offered: Kazakhstan-Russia, Argentina-Chile, China-Mongolia · Source: Geography research brief; International Boundary Commission

  113. What is the longest river in Europe?

    The Volga

    The Volga flows entirely through Russia for about 3,530 kilometers before emptying into the Caspian Sea. It is also Europe's largest river by discharge.

    Easy · Also offered: The Danube, The Rhine, The Dnieper · Source: Geography research brief; Encyclopaedia Britannica

  114. Which river is South America's longest?

    Amazon River

    The Amazon is South America's longest river and carries more water than any other river in the world.

    Easy · Also offered: Parana River, Orinoco River, Sao Francisco River · Source: National Geographic Society, Geography reference

  115. What is the capital of Spain?

    Madrid

    Madrid is the national capital of Spain.

    Easy · Also offered: Brussels, Lisbon, Rome · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  116. What is the capital of the Philippines?

    Manila

    Manila is the capital of the Philippines.

    Easy · Also offered: Beirut, Astana, Dushanbe · Source: CIA World Factbook

  117. What do contour lines on a topographic map connect?

    Points of equal elevation

    A contour line joins points at the same elevation, allowing terrain shape and slope to be read from a map.

    Easy · Also offered: Places with equal rainfall, Cities in one time zone, Countries with shared borders · Source: US Geological Survey

  118. Mesopotamia was the land between which two rivers?

    Tigris and Euphrates

    The name Mesopotamia means "land between rivers" and refers to the region between the Tigris and Euphrates. Its fertile floodplains supported some of the world's earliest cities.

    Easy · Also offered: Nile and Congo, Indus and Ganges, Yellow and Yangtze · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  119. What is a monsoon?

    A seasonal wind reversal

    A monsoon is a seasonal reversal in wind direction caused mainly by differences in how land and water heat and cool. In South Asia, the summer monsoon brings moist air from the ocean and much of the region’s annual rainfall.

    Easy · Also offered: A persistent equatorial wind belt, A narrow upper-air wind band, A rotating tropical storm · Source: US National Weather Service

  120. What is the capital of The Bahamas?

    Nassau

    Nassau is the capital of The Bahamas.

    Easy · Also offered: Bridgetown, Havana, Kingston · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  121. Which country has Everest’s southern face and standard base-camp route?

    Nepal

    Everest lies on the Nepal–China border, but its southern face and standard base-camp route are in Nepal.

    Easy · Also offered: China, Bhutan, India · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Mount Everest

  122. What is the capital of India?

    New Delhi

    New Delhi is India's capital, a planned city laid out alongside old Delhi under British rule and formally inaugurated in 1931. Mumbai is larger and is the country's financial centre, and Kolkata served as the capital of British India until 1911.

    Easy · Also offered: Mumbai, Kolkata, Bengaluru · Source: CIA World Factbook

  123. Which U.S. state includes Niagara Falls' American side?

    New York

    The American side of Niagara Falls is in New York.

    Easy · Also offered: Pennsylvania, Michigan, Ohio · Source: National Park Service

  124. Into which sea does the Nile flow?

    Mediterranean Sea

    The Nile flows north for some 6,650 km out of east Africa and ends in a broad fan-shaped delta on Egypt's northern coast, emptying into the Mediterranean between Alexandria and Port Said.

    Easy · Also offered: Red Sea, Arabian Sea, Black Sea · Source: Encyclopædia Britannica

  125. Which continent is Mexico on?

    North America

    Mexico occupies the southern part of North America.

    Easy · Also offered: South America, Europe, Asia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Mexico

  126. Which ocean lies east of Africa?

    Indian Ocean

    The Indian Ocean borders Africa to the east and extends toward South Asia and Australia. It is the warmest of the major oceans on average.

    Easy · Also offered: Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Southern Ocean · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  127. Which continent is Fiji on?

    Oceania

    Fiji is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean and Oceania.

    Easy · Also offered: Asia, North America, South America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Fiji

  128. What is the capital of Norway?

    Oslo

    Oslo is the national capital of Norway.

    Easy · Also offered: Stockholm, Copenhagen, Helsinki · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  129. What is the capital of France?

    Paris

    Paris is the national capital of France.

    Easy · Also offered: Madrid, Brussels, Rome · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  130. What is the capital of Czechia?

    Prague

    Prague is the national capital of Czechia.

    Easy · Also offered: Bratislava, Vienna, Budapest · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  131. Through which London district does the Prime Meridian pass?

    Greenwich

    The internationally recognized Prime Meridian passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich.

    Easy · Also offered: Chelsea, Camden, Soho · Source: rmg.co.uk

  132. What is the capital of North Korea?

    Pyongyang

    Pyongyang is the capital of North Korea.

    Easy · Also offered: Bandar Seri Begawan, Tashkent, Manila · Source: CIA World Factbook

  133. What is Ecuador's capital?

    Quito

    Quito is the capital of Ecuador.

    Easy · Also offered: Sucre, Lima, Caracas · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  134. What pair of colors dominates Spain's flag?

    red and yellow

    Spain's flag is dominated by red and yellow bands.

    Easy · Also offered: blue and white, green and white, black and gold · Source: Spanish Government: National Flag

  135. What color is the circle at the center of Japan's flag?

    red

    Japan's flag has a red disk centered on a white field.

    Easy · Also offered: blue, white, yellow · Source: Japan Ministry of Foreign Affairs: National Flag

  136. Which river forms much of the border between Texas and Mexico?

    Rio Grande

    The Rio Grande runs from Colorado to the Gulf of Mexico and forms a long section of the US-Mexico border. In Mexico it is called the Rio Bravo del Norte.

    Easy · Also offered: Colorado River, Mississippi River, Arkansas River · Source: International Boundary and Water Commission

  137. Which river flows through Budapest?

    Danube

    The Danube divides Budapest into the historic districts of Buda and Pest. It is Europe's second-longest river and passes through more national capitals than any other river.

    Easy · Also offered: Rhine, Elbe, Vistula · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  138. Which major river flows through Egypt?

    Nile

    The Nile flows north through Egypt before reaching the Mediterranean. Its annual flooding historically supported dense settlement and ancient Egyptian civilization.

    Easy · Also offered: Congo, Niger, Zambezi · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  139. Which river flows through London?

    The River Thames

    The Thames flows through central London before reaching the North Sea through its broad estuary. It has been an important route for the city's trade and settlement since Roman times.

    Easy · Also offered: The River Rhine, The River Loire, The River Elbe · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  140. Which river flows through Paris?

    Seine

    The Seine runs through the heart of Paris and passes landmarks including Notre-Dame and the Louvre. It eventually empties into the English Channel.

    Easy · Also offered: Thames, Danube, Tiber · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  141. Which river flows through Rome?

    The Tiber

    Rome grew along the Tiber, which flows south through central Italy into the Tyrrhenian Sea. The river's island, Isola Tiberina, sits in the historic heart of the city.

    Easy · Also offered: The Arno, The Po, The Adige · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  142. Which river carries the greatest volume of water into the ocean?

    The Amazon

    The Amazon has the world's largest river discharge, releasing more water than the next several largest rivers combined. Its enormous basin spans much of northern South America.

    Easy · Also offered: The Congo, The Orinoco, The Yangtze · Source: USGS

  143. What is the capital of Saudi Arabia?

    Riyadh

    Riyadh is the capital of Saudi Arabia.

    Easy · Also offered: Dushanbe, Amman, Baku · Source: CIA World Factbook

  144. What is the capital of Italy?

    Rome

    Vatican City, an independent state in its own right, sits entirely enclosed within Rome's city limits. Rome's founding is traditionally dated to 753 BC, though it only became Italy's capital in 1871, after the peninsula's unification.

    Easy · Also offered: Athens, Madrid, Vienna · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  145. Which country does the Volga River mainly flow through?

    Russia

    The Volga rises and reaches the Caspian Sea within Russia.

    Easy · Also offered: Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Belarus · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Volga River"

  146. Which city is Brazil's largest by population, though it is not the capital?

    São Paulo

    São Paulo is Brazil's largest city, with over 11 million people in the city proper and more than 20 million across its metropolitan area, roughly double Rio de Janeiro. The capital, Brasília, is a far smaller purpose-built city, planned from nothing and opened in 1960.

    Easy · Also offered: Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, Belo Horizonte · Source: Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, 2022 Census

  147. What is Costa Rica's capital?

    San José

    San José is the capital of Costa Rica.

    Easy · Also offered: Managua, Tegucigalpa, San Salvador · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  148. Which sea lies between southern Europe and northern Africa?

    The Mediterranean Sea

    The Mediterranean is connected to the Atlantic Ocean through the Strait of Gibraltar. It has been a major corridor for trade and cultural exchange for thousands of years.

    Easy · Also offered: The Black Sea, The Baltic Sea, The Caribbean Sea · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  149. Which country has the smallest total area?

    Vatican City

    Vatican City is an independent enclave within Rome and covers less than half a square kilometer. It is the headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church.

    Easy · Also offered: Monaco, Nauru, San Marino · Source: National Geographic Society, Geography reference

  150. What is the capital of Bulgaria?

    Sofia

    Sofia is the national capital of Bulgaria.

    Easy · Also offered: Bucharest, Skopje, Belgrade · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  151. Which continent is Peru on?

    South America

    Peru is located on the western side of South America.

    Easy · Also offered: North America, Africa, Asia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Peru

  152. Which U.S. state contains Mount Rushmore?

    South Dakota

    Mount Rushmore National Memorial is located in South Dakota's Black Hills.

    Easy · Also offered: Wyoming, Montana, Nebraska · Source: National Park Service

  153. Which ocean carries the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, the only current that circles the globe unbroken?

    Southern Ocean

    The Southern Ocean encircles Antarctica and links the southern parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans.

    Easy · Also offered: Arctic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean · Source: National Geographic Education

  154. What is the capital of Sweden?

    Stockholm

    Stockholm is the national capital of Sweden.

    Easy · Also offered: Oslo, Helsinki, Copenhagen · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  155. Which strait separates the European and Asian sides of Istanbul?

    Bosporus

    The Bosporus connects the Black Sea with the Sea of Marmara and runs through Istanbul. It is one of the world's important maritime chokepoints.

    Easy · Also offered: Dardanelles, Strait of Gibraltar, Strait of Hormuz · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  156. What named waterway separates southern Spain from northern Morocco?

    Strait of Gibraltar

    The Strait of Gibraltar separates southern Spain from northern Morocco and connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Mediterranean Sea. At its narrowest point, it is about 14 kilometers wide.

    Easy · Also offered: Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, Strait of Magellan · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  157. Which Australian city has the largest population by greater capital city area?

    Sydney

    The 2021 Census counted just over 5.23 million people in Greater Sydney against about 4.92 million in Greater Melbourne, a gap of roughly 300,000. Melbourne has historically grown faster and had been forecast to overtake Sydney by the mid-2020s, though Sydney still led as of the last census.

    Easy · Also offered: Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth · Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2021 Census

  158. What is the capital of Iran?

    Tehran

    Tehran is the capital of Iran.

    Easy · Also offered: Baghdad, Amman, Baku · Source: CIA World Factbook

  159. Which U.S. state is known as the Lone Star State?

    Texas

    Lone Star State is the official nickname of Texas.

    Easy · Also offered: Oklahoma, New Mexico, Arizona · Source: Texas Legislature, H.C.R. No. 78

  160. What is the capital of Japan?

    Tokyo

    Tokyo is the capital of Japan.

    Easy · Also offered: Beijing, Seoul, Doha · Source: CIA World Factbook

  161. Which Canadian city had the largest population in the 2021 Census?

    Toronto

    Toronto's current boundaries date to 1998, when Ontario merged the old City of Toronto with five neighbouring municipalities, including North York, Scarborough and Etobicoke, into a single 'megacity' government. The 2021 Census counted 2,794,356 residents inside those limits.

    Easy · Also offered: Montreal, Calgary, Edmonton · Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census

  162. Transylvania is a region of which country?

    Romania

    Transylvania is a historical region in central Romania.

    Easy · Also offered: Bulgaria, Hungary, Serbia · Source: Visit Romania, Transylvania

  163. Which country’s flag has 50 stars and 13 red-and-white stripes?

    United States

    The flag of the United States has 50 stars representing its states and 13 stripes representing the original colonies.

    Easy · Also offered: Liberia, Malaysia, Cuba · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  164. In which country is Denali, North America's tallest peak?

    United States

    Long called Mount McKinley after a president who never visited Alaska, the peak's official name reverted to Denali, its Koyukon Athabascan name meaning 'the tall one', in 2015.

    Easy · Also offered: Canada, Mexico, Guatemala · Source: U.S. National Park Service: Denali National Park and Preserve

  165. What is the capital of Austria?

    Vienna

    Vienna is the national capital of Austria.

    Easy · Also offered: Prague, Budapest, Bratislava · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  166. Which volcano overlooks the Italian city of Naples?

    Mount Vesuvius

    Mount Vesuvius is famous for its AD 79 eruption, which buried Roman settlements around the Bay of Naples. It remains an active volcano.

    Easy · Also offered: Mount Etna, Stromboli, Mount Teide · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  167. What is the capital of Poland?

    Warsaw

    Warsaw is the national capital of Poland.

    Easy · Also offered: Prague, Berlin, Vienna · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  168. Which city is the federal capital of the United States?

    Washington, D.C.

    Washington, D.C., is the federal capital of the United States.

    Easy · Also offered: Ottawa, Nassau, Montevideo · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  169. Which U.S. state is home to the Space Needle?

    Washington

    The Space Needle stands at Seattle Center in Washington.

    Easy · Also offered: California, Oregon, Pennsylvania · Source: Space Needle official site

  170. Measured from its most distant source, which river is conventionally listed as the world's longest?

    The Nile

    Its remotest headstream lies in Burundi, feeding the Kagera River before it reaches Lake Victoria and continues north to the Mediterranean, a path put at roughly 6,650 kilometres in most atlases. A 2007 study traced a new source and channel for the Amazon and got a longer figure, which is why geographers still argue about which river is really longer.

    Easy · Also offered: The Amazon, The Yangtze, The Mississippi · Source: National Geographic Society, Nile River

  171. Which U.S. state contains most of Yellowstone National Park?

    Wyoming

    Approximately 96 percent of Yellowstone National Park lies in Wyoming.

    Easy · Also offered: Montana, Idaho, Colorado · Source: National Park Service

  172. What color is the cross on Sweden's flag?

    yellow

    Sweden's flag has a yellow Nordic cross on a blue field.

    Easy · Also offered: blue, white, red · Source: Government Offices of Sweden: National Flag

  173. What color is the diamond on Brazil's flag?

    yellow

    A yellow diamond sits behind the blue globe on Brazil's green field.

    Easy · Also offered: green, blue, red · Source: Brazilian Government: National Flag

  174. What is the capital of Croatia?

    Zagreb

    Zagreb is the national capital of Croatia.

    Easy · Also offered: Ljubljana, Sarajevo, Belgrade · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

Medium Geography Trivia Questions

  1. On Ireland's flag, which color sits closest to the flagpole?

    Green

    The Irish tricolor flies green at the pole, white in the middle and orange at the outer edge. Green stands for the Gaelic tradition, orange for the followers of William of Orange, and the white between them for peace.

    Medium · Also offered: Orange, White, Gold · Source: Government of Ireland: National Flag

  2. How many stars are on Australia's flag?

    6

    Australia's flag carries six stars: the large Commonwealth Star beneath the Union Jack, plus the five stars of the Southern Cross.

    Medium · Also offered: 4, 5, 7 · Source: Australian Government: Australian National Flag

  3. Which bird appears on Mexico's flag, perched on a cactus?

    A golden eagle

    The eagle eating a snake on a cactus is the Aztec sign that marked where Tenochtitlan, now Mexico City, was to be founded.

    Medium · Also offered: A condor, A quetzal, A caracara · Source: Government of Mexico

  4. Which animal appears holding a sword on the flag of Sri Lanka?

    A lion

    The lion represents the Sinhalese people, whose name comes from the Sinhala word for lion, while the sword the lion holds stands for sovereignty. The four bo leaves in the corners represent Buddhism's virtues of kindness, compassion, joy, and equanimity.

    Medium · Also offered: A tiger, An elephant, A leopard · Source: Government of Sri Lanka

  5. Which creature appears on the flag of Wales?

    A red dragon

    Y Ddraig Goch, the red dragon, has been linked to Wales since at least the 9th century and was added to the flag in its modern form in 1959.

    Medium · Also offered: A golden lion, A white horse, A black eagle · Source: Welsh Government

  6. What is the capital of Jordan?

    Amman

    The city was once called Philadelphia after the Macedonian Greek ruler of Egypt, Ptolemy II, who took control of it around 255 BC. A Roman theatre built into a hillside in the 2nd century AD still stands and seated some six thousand spectators in its day.

    Medium · Also offered: Beirut, Damascus, Riyadh · Source: CIA World Factbook

  7. What is the capital of Samoa?

    Apia

    Apia is Samoa's capital on the island of Upolu.

    Medium · Also offered: Avarua, Majuro, Suva · Source: CIA World Factbook: Samoa country profile

  8. In which country is Aconcagua?

    Argentina

    Aconcagua is located in Argentina's Andes mountain range.

    Medium · Also offered: Chile, Peru, Venezuela · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Aconcagua

  9. On which continent does most of Kazakhstan lie?

    Asia

    Most of Kazakhstan lies in Asia, with a small western section in Europe.

    Medium · Also offered: Europe, Africa, North America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Kazakhstan

  10. What is the capital of Kazakhstan?

    Astana

    The city became Kazakhstan's capital in 1997. It was renamed Nur-Sultan in 2019 to honor former president Nursultan Nazarbayev, then renamed back to Astana in 2022 after his political influence waned.

    Medium · Also offered: Bishkek, Tashkent, Ashgabat · Source: CIA World Factbook

  11. What is Paraguay's capital?

    Asunción

    Asunción is the capital of Paraguay.

    Medium · Also offered: Montevideo, Georgetown, Paramaribo · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  12. What is the capital of Azerbaijan?

    Baku

    Baku is the capital of Azerbaijan.

    Medium · Also offered: Manama, Beirut, Dushanbe · Source: CIA World Factbook

  13. What is the capital of The Gambia?

    Banjul

    Banjul is the capital of The Gambia.

    Medium · Also offered: Dakar, Bissau, Conakry · Source: CIA World Factbook: The Gambia

  14. What is the capital of Serbia?

    Belgrade

    Belgrade is the national capital of Serbia.

    Medium · Also offered: Sofia, Sarajevo, Bratislava · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  15. What is Belize's capital?

    Belmopan

    Belmopan is the capital of Belize.

    Medium · Also offered: Roseau, Castries, Georgetown · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  16. What is the capital of Kyrgyzstan?

    Bishkek

    Bishkek is the capital of Kyrgyzstan.

    Medium · Also offered: Dushanbe, Yerevan, Baku · Source: CIA World Factbook

  17. In which country is Salar de Uyuni?

    Bolivia

    Salar de Uyuni is the world's largest salt flat and lies in Bolivia.

    Medium · Also offered: Chile, Peru, Argentina · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  18. Which waters does the Bosporus connect?

    Black Sea and Sea of Marmara

    The Bosporus runs through Istanbul and connects the Black Sea with the Sea of Marmara.

    Medium · Also offered: Mediterranean and Red Sea, Baltic and North Sea, Caspian and Black Sea · Source: Encyclopædia Britannica

  19. In which country is the Okavango Delta?

    Botswana

    The Okavango forms a large inland delta in northern Botswana.

    Medium · Also offered: Zambia, Namibia, Zimbabwe · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  20. What is the capital of the Republic of the Congo?

    Brazzaville

    Brazzaville is the capital of the Republic of the Congo.

    Medium · Also offered: Kinshasa, Luanda, Antananarivo · Source: CIA World Factbook: Republic of the Congo

  21. Which city is Barbados's capital?

    Bridgetown

    It is the only place outside the United States that George Washington is known to have visited: he arrived in November 1751 with his ailing half-brother Lawrence, hoping Barbados's climate would ease Lawrence's tuberculosis.

    Medium · Also offered: Nassau, Castries, Kingstown · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  22. Measure a jagged shore with a shorter ruler and the total keeps growing. What is that effect called?

    The coastline paradox

    Mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot studied this in a 1967 paper, showing that coastlines are statistically self-similar: each zoomed-in section shows about as many wiggles as the whole. A coarser ruler skips small bays and headlands that a finer one follows, so there is no single true length.

    Medium · Also offered: Cartographic generalisation, Sampling bias, Measurement hysteresis · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  23. What does the world time standard UTC stand for in English?

    Coordinated Universal Time

    English speakers wanted CUT and French speakers wanted TUC, so UTC was adopted as a compromise that favours neither language.

    Medium · Also offered: Universal Time Coordinated, Unified Time Convention, Universal Terrestrial Clock · Source: International Telecommunication Union

  24. In which country is the famous Geirangerfjord?

    Norway

    Geirangerfjord is a deep, narrow fjord in western Norway known for steep cliffs and waterfalls. It was carved by glaciers during repeated ice ages.

    Medium · Also offered: Iceland, Sweden, Finland · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  25. Victoria Falls lies on the border of which two countries?

    Zimbabwe and Zambia

    Victoria Falls is on the Zambezi at the Zimbabwe-Zambia border.

    Medium · Also offered: Kenya and Tanzania, Namibia and Botswana, Uganda and Rwanda · Source: UNESCO

  26. Which country surrounds The Gambia on three sides?

    Senegal

    Senegal surrounds The Gambia on three sides, while The Gambia has a short Atlantic coast.

    Medium · Also offered: Guinea, Mali, Mauritania · Source: Government of The Gambia, About Gambia

  27. Which country completely surrounds Lesotho?

    South Africa

    Lesotho is an independent, landlocked enclave inside South Africa. Its high elevation has earned it the nickname Kingdom in the Sky.

    Medium · Also offered: Eswatini, Botswana, Namibia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  28. How many national crosses are combined in the Union Flag?

    Three

    The Union Flag layers three crosses: the upright red cross of St George for England, the white diagonal of St Andrew for Scotland and the red diagonal of St Patrick for Ireland. Wales has never been represented on it.

    Medium · Also offered: Two, Four, Five · Source: UK Government: Union Flag

  29. What is the capital of Tanzania?

    Dodoma

    In 1973 Tanzania's ruling party voted to move the seat of government from Dar es Salaam to the more centrally located Dodoma, though the shift took decades. Parliament didn't arrive until 1996, and most ministries only followed from 2016. Dar es Salaam remains the country's largest city and commercial hub.

    Medium · Also offered: Dar es Salaam, Kampala, Kigali · Source: CIA World Factbook: Tanzania

  30. Which three languages are official in Belgium?

    Dutch, French and German

    Dutch is spoken in Flanders, French in Wallonia, and German by a small community near the eastern border.

    Medium · Also offered: Dutch, French and English; Flemish, Walloon and French; French, German and Luxembourgish · Source: Belgian Constitution

  31. Which Russian port city is the eastern terminus of the Trans-Siberian Railway?

    Vladivostok

    The Trans-Siberian Railway links Moscow with Vladivostok on Russia's Pacific coast. The main route crosses Siberia and the Ural Mountains.

    Medium · Also offered: Nakhodka, Magadan, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  32. Which country governs the Galápagos Islands?

    Ecuador

    The Galápagos Islands form an Ecuadorian archipelago in the Pacific Ocean.

    Medium · Also offered: Peru, Colombia, Chile · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Galápagos Islands”

  33. Which European river flows through or borders the most countries?

    The Danube

    The Danube flows through or borders ten countries before reaching the Black Sea. Its route includes major cities such as Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, and Bucharest.

    Medium · Also offered: The Rhine, The Volga, The Dnieper · Source: International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River

  34. Which two languages are official in Finland?

    Finnish and Swedish

    Sweden ruled Finland for some six hundred years. Swedish speakers are now about five per cent of the population but the language remains official.

    Medium · Also offered: Finnish and Russian, Finnish and Norwegian, Finnish and Sami · Source: Constitution of Finland

  35. How many official languages does Switzerland have?

    Four

    German, French, Italian and Romansh. Romansh is spoken by well under one per cent of the population.

    Medium · Also offered: Two, Three, Five · Source: Swiss Federal Constitution

  36. What is the capital of Botswana?

    Gaborone

    Gaborone is the capital of Botswana.

    Medium · Also offered: Maseru, Mbabane, N'Djamena · Source: CIA World Factbook: Botswana

  37. Which country contains the longest stretch of the Rhine?

    Germany

    The Rhine runs about 1,230 km from the Swiss Alps to the North Sea, and roughly 700 km of that is German, more than half the river. It rises in Switzerland, forms part of the French border along the Alsace plain, and splits into a delta of branches once it reaches the Netherlands.

    Medium · Also offered: Netherlands, France, Switzerland · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Rhine River"

  38. Which island is home to Kīlauea volcano?

    Hawaiʻi

    Kīlauea is located on the Island of Hawaiʻi.

    Medium · Also offered: Java, Kyūshū, Réunion · Source: United States Geological Survey

  39. Which city is the world's highest administrative capital?

    La Paz

    La Paz sits at roughly 3,640 meters above sea level in a deep canyon in Bolivia. Sucre is Bolivia's constitutional capital, while La Paz is the seat of government.

    Medium · Also offered: Mexico City, Quito, Bogotá · Source: Geography research brief; Encyclopaedia Britannica

  40. Which country is the island of Honshu part of?

    Japan

    Honshu is the largest and most populous island of Japan.

    Medium · Also offered: South Korea, China, Taiwan · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Honshu”

  41. Flights from New York to London are usually quicker than the return trip because of which high-altitude wind?

    Jet stream

    Jet streams are narrow ribbons of fast wind near the top of the troposphere that blow west to east, giving eastbound flights a push and holding westbound ones back.

    Medium · Also offered: Trade wind, Sea breeze, Katabatic wind · Source: U.S. National Weather Service, ‘Jet Stream’

  42. What is the capital of South Sudan?

    Juba

    The city sits on the White Nile and had already served as a regional capital for decades before South Sudan's 2011 independence made it a national one. Plans to relocate the capital to the more centrally located Ramciel have been announced repeatedly but never completed.

    Medium · Also offered: Khartoum, Bangui, Kampala · Source: CIA World Factbook: South Sudan

  43. What is the capital of Uganda?

    Kampala

    The name comes from a Luganda phrase meaning 'hill of the impala,' after the antelope that once grazed here on land used as a royal hunting ground by the Buganda kingdom. Like Rome, the city is built across a series of hills.

    Medium · Also offered: Entebbe, Jinja, Mbale · Source: CIA World Factbook: Uganda

  44. Which U.S. state is called the Bluegrass State?

    Kentucky

    Bluegrass State is Kentucky's traditional nickname.

    Medium · Also offered: Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia · Source: State Symbols USA

  45. What is the capital of Rwanda?

    Kigali

    Kigali is the capital of Rwanda.

    Medium · Also offered: Kampala, Dodoma, Addis Ababa · Source: CIA World Factbook: Rwanda

  46. What is the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo?

    Kinshasa

    Kinshasa is the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

    Medium · Also offered: Brazzaville, Luanda, Libreville · Source: CIA World Factbook: Democratic Republic of the Congo

  47. In which country is Lake Baikal?

    Russia

    Lake Baikal lies in southern Siberia in Russia and is a globally notable deep freshwater lake.

    Medium · Also offered: Mongolia, Kazakhstan, China · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  48. Which is the world's largest desert by area?

    Antarctica

    A desert is defined by very low precipitation, not by heat, so Antarctica qualifies as a polar desert. The Sahara is the world's largest hot desert.

    Medium · Also offered: Sahara, Gobi, Arabian Desert · Source: National Geographic Society, Geography reference

  49. What is the capital of Slovenia?

    Ljubljana

    Ljubljana is the national capital of Slovenia.

    Medium · Also offered: Zagreb, Sarajevo, Bratislava · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  50. What is the capital of Angola?

    Luanda

    Luanda is the capital of Angola.

    Medium · Also offered: Kinshasa, Brazzaville, Libreville · Source: CIA World Factbook: Angola

  51. What is the capital of Zambia?

    Lusaka

    Lusaka is the capital of Zambia.

    Medium · Also offered: Harare, Lilongwe, Maputo · Source: CIA World Factbook: Zambia

  52. What is the capital of the Maldives?

    Malé

    Malé is the capital of the Maldives. Roughly a quarter of the country's population lives there, packed onto a single island of about two square kilometres, which makes it one of the most densely populated cities on Earth.

    Medium · Also offered: Colombo, Victoria, Port Louis · Source: CIA World Factbook

  53. What is Nicaragua's capital?

    Managua

    Managua is the capital of Nicaragua.

    Medium · Also offered: Belmopan, Roseau, Castries · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  54. What is the capital of Bahrain?

    Manama

    Manama is the capital of Bahrain.

    Medium · Also offered: Doha, Muscat, Tbilisi · Source: CIA World Factbook

  55. What is the capital of Mozambique?

    Maputo

    Maputo is the capital of Mozambique.

    Medium · Also offered: Lusaka, Harare, Lilongwe · Source: CIA World Factbook: Mozambique

  56. What is the capital of Somalia?

    Mogadishu

    Mogadishu is the capital of Somalia.

    Medium · Also offered: Addis Ababa, Asmara, Kampala · Source: CIA World Factbook: Somalia

  57. What is Uruguay's capital?

    Montevideo

    Montevideo is the capital of Uruguay.

    Medium · Also offered: Paramaribo, Georgetown, Asunción · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  58. Which mountain chain runs down most of Australia's east coast?

    Great Dividing Range

    The Great Dividing Range runs roughly 3,500 km from the tip of Queensland down through New South Wales into Victoria. It walls off the wet coastal strip from the dry interior, and almost every river on the eastern side of the continent starts in it.

    Medium · Also offered: Flinders Ranges, MacDonnell Ranges, Hamersley Range · Source: Geoscience Australia

  59. What is the capital of Oman?

    Muscat

    Portuguese forces held the city as a fortified naval base from the early 1500s until Omani troops recaptured it in 1650, ending more than a century of occupation. Strict building codes still keep the city's structures low-rise and sand-coloured.

    Medium · Also offered: Riyadh, Manama, Abu Dhabi · Source: CIA World Factbook

  60. Which U.S. state is known as the Granite State?

    New Hampshire

    Granite State is New Hampshire's official nickname.

    Medium · Also offered: Vermont, Maine, Massachusetts · Source: State Symbols USA

  61. In which country are the Waitomo Glowworm Caves?

    New Zealand

    The Waitomo cave system is in New Zealand's Waikato region.

    Medium · Also offered: Australia, Indonesia, Philippines · Source: New Zealand Department of Conservation

  62. What is the capital of Cyprus?

    Nicosia

    Nicosia has been the capital of Cyprus since the 10th century and is the last divided capital in Europe: a United Nations buffer zone known as the Green Line cuts through the middle of the city, separating the Republic of Cyprus from the Turkish-held north.

    Medium · Also offered: Limassol, Larnaca, Paphos · Source: CIA World Factbook

  63. Which continent is Papua New Guinea on?

    Oceania

    Papua New Guinea is an island country in Oceania.

    Medium · Also offered: Asia, Africa, South America · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Papua New Guinea

  64. Which U.S. state is called the Sooner State?

    Oklahoma

    The nickname recalls the Land Run of April 22, 1889, when settlers rushed to claim the newly opened Unassigned Lands at a set starting signal. Those who sneaked in early and staked claims beforehand were branded 'sooners'.

    Medium · Also offered: Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota · Source: State Symbols USA

  65. What is the capital of Burkina Faso?

    Ouagadougou

    According to tradition, the Mossi warrior Wubri renamed this settlement Wogdgo, meaning roughly 'come and be honored,' after conquering it in 1441. French colonizers later spelled that name Ouagadougou.

    Medium · Also offered: Bamako, Lome, Conakry · Source: CIA World Factbook: Burkina Faso

  66. Which country does the Indus River mainly flow through?

    Pakistan

    After rising in the Tibetan Plateau, the Indus runs mainly through Pakistan.

    Medium · Also offered: India, China, Afghanistan · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Indus River"

  67. Which city is Suriname's capital?

    Paramaribo

    Paramaribo is the capital of Suriname.

    Medium · Also offered: Port-au-Prince, Montevideo, Georgetown · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  68. What is the capital of Cambodia?

    Phnom Penh

    Phnom Penh is the capital of Cambodia.

    Medium · Also offered: Bandar Seri Begawan, Astana, Manila · Source: CIA World Factbook

  69. What is the capital of Papua New Guinea?

    Port Moresby

    Port Moresby is Papua New Guinea's capital on the Gulf of Papua.

    Medium · Also offered: South Tarawa, Nuku'alofa, Port Vila · Source: CIA World Factbook: Papua New Guinea country profile

  70. What is Trinidad and Tobago's capital?

    Port of Spain

    On the Gulf of Paria, on Trinidad's northwest coast, this capital is only the country's third most populous municipality, trailing Chaguanas and San Fernando. Its English name is a direct translation of the Spanish colonial name used before the British captured Trinidad from Spain in 1797.

    Medium · Also offered: Kingston, Nassau, Willemstad · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  71. In which country is Mount Elbrus?

    Russia

    Mount Elbrus is located in Russia's Caucasus Mountains.

    Medium · Also offered: Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Mount Elbrus

  72. What is the capital of the Dominican Republic?

    Santo Domingo

    Santo Domingo is the capital of the Dominican Republic.

    Medium · Also offered: Port-au-Prince, Port of Spain, St. George's · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  73. What is the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina?

    Sarajevo

    Sarajevo is the national capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

    Medium · Also offered: Belgrade, Zagreb, Podgorica · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  74. Which sea is unusual because it has no land boundary and is defined by ocean currents?

    Sargasso Sea

    The Sargasso Sea lies in the North Atlantic and is defined by surrounding ocean currents rather than by land.

    Medium · Also offered: Caribbean Sea, Coral Sea, North Sea · Source: NOAA Ocean Service, What is the Sargasso Sea?

  75. What is the capital of North Macedonia?

    Skopje

    Skopje is the national capital of North Macedonia.

    Medium · Also offered: Sofia, Tirana, Podgorica · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  76. Which continent is Suriname on?

    South America

    Suriname is located on the northeastern coast of South America.

    Medium · Also offered: North America, Africa, Asia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Suriname

  77. The Basque Country straddles which two countries?

    Spain and France

    The Basque Country spans the western Pyrenees, covering part of northern Spain and a smaller area of southwestern France.

    Medium · Also offered: Spain and Portugal, France and Belgium, Italy and Slovenia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, ‘Basque’

  78. What is the capital of Fiji?

    Suva

    Suva is Fiji's capital on the island of Viti Levu.

    Medium · Also offered: Apia, Honiara, Port Vila · Source: CIA World Factbook: Fiji country profile

  79. Which mountain is tallest when measured from its ocean-floor base to its summit?

    Mauna Kea

    Mauna Kea rises more than 10,200 meters from the Pacific Ocean floor, although only about 4,207 meters is above sea level. This measurement makes it taller from base to peak than Everest.

    Medium · Also offered: Mauna Loa, Mount Everest, Chimborazo · Source: USGS

  80. Which country is home to Serengeti National Park?

    Tanzania

    The Serengeti lies in northern Tanzania. Its wildebeest migration crosses into Kenya's Maasai Mara, which is why the two are often confused.

    Medium · Also offered: Kenya, Uganda, Zambia · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ‘Serengeti National Park’

  81. What is the capital of the country of Georgia?

    Tbilisi

    Tbilisi sits in a narrow valley on the Kura River. Its name comes from the old Georgian word for warm, after the hot sulphur springs the city grew up around, and domed bathhouses still stand over them in the Abanotubani district.

    Medium · Also offered: Yerevan, Baku, Dushanbe · Source: CIA World Factbook

  82. Which city is Honduras's capital?

    Tegucigalpa

    Tegucigalpa is the capital of Honduras.

    Medium · Also offered: Managua, Belmopan, San José · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  83. Which region lies between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea?

    The Caucasus

    The Caucasus covers Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan and southern Russia. Its highest summit, Mount Elbrus, is usually counted as Europe's tallest peak.

    Medium · Also offered: The Balkans, The Levant, The Maghreb · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, ‘Caucasus’

  84. What is the capital of Bhutan?

    Thimphu

    Thimphu is the capital of Bhutan.

    Medium · Also offered: Yerevan, Dushanbe, Malé · Source: CIA World Factbook

  85. What is the capital of Albania?

    Tirana

    Tirana is the national capital of Albania.

    Medium · Also offered: Skopje, Podgorica, Pristina · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  86. Which ocean trench contains Challenger Deep?

    The Mariana Trench

    The Mariana Trench is a crescent-shaped depression in the western Pacific Ocean. Challenger Deep is its deepest section and the lowest known point in the oceans.

    Medium · Also offered: The Tonga Trench, The Philippine Trench, The Kuril-Kamchatka Trench · Source: NOAA Ocean Exploration

  87. Which country contains the ancient ruins of Carthage?

    Tunisia

    Carthage, Rome's great rival in the Punic Wars, stood on the coast just outside modern Tunis.

    Medium · Also offered: Algeria, Libya, Morocco · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ‘Archaeological Site of Carthage’

  88. In which country are the Pamukkale travertines?

    Turkey

    Pamukkale's white mineral terraces are in southwestern Turkey.

    Medium · Also offered: Greece, Iran, Armenia · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  89. In which country is Mount Ararat?

    Turkey

    Mount Ararat is located in eastern Turkey.

    Medium · Also offered: Armenia, Iran, Georgia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Mount Ararat

  90. What is the capital of Liechtenstein?

    Vaduz

    Vaduz is the national capital of Liechtenstein.

    Medium · Also offered: Bern, Luxembourg, Monaco · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  91. What is the capital of Seychelles?

    Victoria

    Victoria is the capital of Seychelles.

    Medium · Also offered: Port Louis, Moroni, Antananarivo · Source: CIA World Factbook: Seychelles

  92. What is the capital of Laos?

    Vientiane

    Vientiane is the capital of Laos.

    Medium · Also offered: Bandar Seri Begawan, Phnom Penh, Bishkek · Source: CIA World Factbook

  93. Which city is Myanmar's largest by population, though it is not the capital?

    Yangon

    Myanmar's national census records Yangon as substantially more populous than the capital and other major cities.

    Medium · Also offered: Naypyidaw, Mandalay, Mawlamyine · Source: Myanmar Population and Housing Census, 2014

  94. What is the capital of Armenia?

    Yerevan

    Yerevan is the capital of Armenia.

    Medium · Also offered: Baku, Tbilisi, Dushanbe · Source: CIA World Factbook

  95. Which of the world's major mountain ranges is the youngest?

    The Himalayas

    The Himalayas began forming when the Indian plate ploughed into Eurasia around 50 million years ago, and that collision has not stopped. The range is still being pushed upward by roughly five millimetres a year.

    Medium · Also offered: The Andes, The Rocky Mountains, The Appalachians · Source: USGS

Hard Geography Trivia Questions

  1. Which creature appears on Russia's coat of arms?

    A double-headed eagle

    The double-headed eagle was inherited from the Byzantine Empire and restored as Russia's emblem in 1993.

    Hard · Also offered: A rampant bear, A winged lion, A gold griffin · Source: Constitution of the Russian Federation

  2. Which city is Côte d'Ivoire's largest by population, though it is not the capital?

    Abidjan

    Côte d'Ivoire's 2021 population census identifies Abidjan as the country's largest urban centre.

    Hard · Also offered: Yamoussoukro, Bouaké, San-Pédro · Source: Côte d'Ivoire National Institute of Statistics, 2021 RGPH

  3. What is the most populous city in Kazakhstan?

    Almaty

    Almaty is the most populous city in Kazakhstan and was the country’s capital until 1997. It sits at the northern foothills of the Trans-Ili Alatau mountains.

    Hard · Also offered: Astana, Shymkent, Karaganda · Source: Kazakhstan Bureau of National Statistics

  4. What is the capital of Niue?

    Alofi

    Niue is a self-governing island nation in free association with New Zealand, with a total population of only about 1,800 people. Alofi itself is home to just a few hundred residents, split between two small villages, Alofi North and Alofi South.

    Hard · Also offered: Nuku'alofa, Apia, Majuro · Source: Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade: Niue

  5. What is the capital of Eritrea?

    Asmara

    Its compact center is filled with Futurist, Art Deco and Rationalist buildings put up during Italian colonial rule in the 1930s. More than 4,000 of them survive, and UNESCO listed the city as a World Heritage Site in 2017.

    Hard · Also offered: Addis Ababa, Khartoum, Juba · Source: CIA World Factbook: Eritrea

  6. In which country is the Bungle Bungle Range?

    Australia

    The Bungle Bungle Range is the distinctive sandstone landscape of Australia's Purnululu National Park.

    Hard · Also offered: Namibia, United States, Brazil · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  7. What is the capital of the Cook Islands?

    Avarua

    Avarua is the Cook Islands' capital on Rarotonga.

    Hard · Also offered: Ngerulmud, Alofi, Suva · Source: Cook Islands Government, Ministry of Finance and Economic Management

  8. What is the capital of Brunei?

    Bandar Seri Begawan

    Bandar Seri Begawan is the capital of Brunei.

    Hard · Also offered: Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, Nicosia, Tashkent · Source: CIA World Factbook

  9. What is the capital of the Central African Republic?

    Bangui

    Bangui is the capital of the Central African Republic.

    Hard · Also offered: N'Djamena, Juba, Yaoundé · Source: CIA World Factbook: Central African Republic

  10. What is Saint Kitts and Nevis's capital?

    Basseterre

    Basseterre is the capital of Saint Kitts and Nevis.

    Hard · Also offered: Castries, Kingstown, Roseau · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  11. In which country is the Great Blue Hole?

    Belize

    The Great Blue Hole lies within Belize's Lighthouse Reef Atoll.

    Hard · Also offered: Bahamas, Honduras, Mexico · Source: Travel Belize

  12. Which is the only country in Central America with English as its official language?

    Belize

    Belize was British Honduras until 1973, which is why it is the odd one out in a region otherwise colonised by Spain.

    Hard · Also offered: Costa Rica, Panama, Honduras · Source: CIA World Factbook

  13. Which city is the capital of the small West African country wedged between Senegal and Guinea?

    Bissau

    Bissau is the capital and largest city of Guinea-Bissau, sitting on the Geba estuary where the river meets the Atlantic. The country was Portuguese Guinea until it won independence in the 1970s, and Portuguese is still its official language.

    Hard · Also offered: Banjul, Conakry, Praia · Source: CIA World Factbook: Guinea-Bissau

  14. In which country are the Lençóis Maranhenses?

    Brazil

    Lençóis Maranhenses is a landscape of dunes and seasonal lagoons in Brazil.

    Hard · Also offered: Peru, Colombia, Bolivia · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  15. Which country is divided into two parts by Malaysia?

    Brunei

    Brunei sits on the north coast of Borneo in two separate pieces, split by a strip of the Malaysian state of Sarawak.

    Hard · Also offered: Timor-Leste, Singapore, Indonesia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, ‘Brunei’

  16. What is the capital of Saint Lucia?

    Castries

    Castries sits around a deep natural harbour on Saint Lucia's northwest coast and is the island's main port, taking the cruise ships that dock beside the city centre.

    Hard · Also offered: Basseterre, Roseau, Bridgetown · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  17. In which country are the Ounianga Lakes?

    Chad

    The Ounianga Lakes form a desert lake system in northeastern Chad.

    Hard · Also offered: Niger, Libya, Sudan · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  18. What is the capital of Moldova?

    Chisinau

    Long known by its Russian name Kishinev, the city sits on the Bic River. Wartime bombing and a major 1940 earthquake destroyed most of its old buildings, and the postwar rebuild gave it wide Soviet-style boulevards.

    Hard · Also offered: Bucharest, Kyiv, Sofia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  19. In which country is the Torres del Paine massif?

    Chile

    The Torres del Paine massif rises in Chilean Patagonia.

    Hard · Also offered: Argentina, Peru, Bolivia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  20. In which Chinese province is the Jiuzhaigou Valley?

    Sichuan

    Jiuzhaigou lies in northern Sichuan, on the edge of the Tibetan plateau, where a staircase of turquoise lakes and waterfalls has been a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1992.

    Hard · Also offered: Yunnan, Gansu, Guizhou · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  21. Porto-Novo is Benin's official capital, but which larger city is the seat of government and the country's economic hub?

    Cotonou

    Cotonou is Benin's largest city, its main port and the home of the presidency and most ministries, even though Porto-Novo remains the constitutional capital.

    Hard · Also offered: Abomey-Calavi, Parakou, Djougou · Source: Benin National Institute of Statistics and Economic Analysis, 2013 RGPH

  22. In which country are the Plitvice Lakes?

    Croatia

    Plitvice Lakes National Park is located in central Croatia.

    Hard · Also offered: Slovenia, Serbia, Albania · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  23. What is the name of the deepest known point in the world's oceans?

    Challenger Deep

    Challenger Deep lies nearly 11,000 meters below sea level in the Mariana Trench. It is a specific basin within the trench, rather than the name of the entire trench.

    Hard · Also offered: Sirena Deep, Horizon Deep, Brownson Deep · Source: NOAA Ocean Exploration

  24. Iceland sits astride which type of tectonic plate boundary?

    Divergent boundary

    Iceland is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge above sea level: the North American and Eurasian plates pull apart beneath it, and new crust fills the gap.

    Hard · Also offered: Convergent boundary, Transform boundary, Passive continental margin · Source: U.S. Geological Survey, ‘This Dynamic Earth: Understanding Plate Motions’

  25. What is Cameroon's largest city by population?

    Douala

    Douala is Cameroon's largest city by population. It is also the country's main seaport and commercial hub, located along the Wouri River.

    Hard · Also offered: Bafoussam, Garoua, Bamenda · Source: Cameroon National Institute of Statistics, Third Population and Housing Census

  26. What is the capital of Tajikistan?

    Dushanbe

    Dushanbe is the capital of Tajikistan.

    Hard · Also offered: Bandar Seri Begawan, Kathmandu, Tbilisi · Source: CIA World Factbook

  27. Which country contains the archaeological site of Joya de Cerén?

    El Salvador

    Often called the Pompeii of the Americas, Joya de Cerén in El Salvador is a Maya farming village buried by volcanic ash with its everyday life left intact.

    Hard · Also offered: Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ‘Joya de Cerén Archaeological Site’

  28. Which is the only African country with Spanish as an official language?

    Equatorial Guinea

    Equatorial Guinea was a Spanish colony until 1968. French and Portuguese are also official there.

    Hard · Also offered: Morocco, Angola, Cape Verde · Source: CIA World Factbook

  29. In which country is the Dallol hydrothermal field?

    Ethiopia

    Dallol lies in Ethiopia's Danakil Depression.

    Hard · Also offered: Eritrea, Djibouti, Sudan · Source: Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program

  30. What is the capital of Tuvalu?

    Funafuti

    Funafuti is Tuvalu's capital atoll and main population center.

    Hard · Also offered: Ngerulmud, Honiara, Palikir · Source: CIA World Factbook: Tuvalu country profile

  31. Which city is Guyana's capital?

    Georgetown

    Georgetown is the capital of Guyana.

    Hard · Also offered: Paramaribo, Belmopan, Bridgetown · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  32. What is Burundi's political capital?

    Gitega

    Gitega is Burundi's political capital.

    Hard · Also offered: Kigali, Kampala, Dodoma · Source: CIA World Factbook: Burundi

  33. Paraguay is unusual in the Americas for having an indigenous language spoken by most of the population. Which one?

    Guarani

    Guarani is co-official with Spanish and is spoken by a majority of Paraguayans, including many with no indigenous ancestry.

    Hard · Also offered: Quechua, Aymara, Nahuatl · Source: Constitution of Paraguay

  34. Which atmospheric optical phenomenon is caused by ice crystals in high clouds?

    Halo

    Ice crystals in thin, high cirrostratus bend sunlight or moonlight into a ring about 22 degrees wide. That cloud often runs ahead of a warm front, which is why folklore treats a ring round the moon as a sign of rain.

    Hard · Also offered: Mirage, Aurora, Crepuscular ray · Source: World Meteorological Organization, International Cloud Atlas, ‘Halo’

  35. Which waterfall is the highest in Africa?

    Tugela Falls

    Tugela Falls drops about 948 meters in a series of cascades from South Africa's Drakensberg escarpment. It is not one single uninterrupted plunge.

    Hard · Also offered: Howick Falls, Maletsunyane Falls, Kalambo Falls · Source: Geography research brief; South African National Parks

  36. What is the capital of Solomon Islands?

    Honiara

    Honiara is the capital of Solomon Islands on Guadalcanal.

    Hard · Also offered: Funafuti, Palikir, Majuro · Source: CIA World Factbook: Solomon Islands country profile

  37. In which country is Vatnajökull?

    Iceland

    Vatnajökull is Iceland's largest ice cap.

    Hard · Also offered: Norway, Sweden, Finland · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  38. The autonomous Kurdistan Region, governed from Erbil, lies within which country?

    Iraq

    The Kurdistan Region is the autonomous region of northern Iraq, with its own parliament and security forces and its seat of government at Erbil.

    Hard · Also offered: Iran, Syria, Turkey · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, ‘Iraqi Kurdistan’

  39. Maltese is unique among the European Union's official languages. Why?

    It is the only one with Semitic roots

    Maltese descends from Arabic, carries heavy Italian and English borrowing, and is the only Semitic language written in the Latin alphabet.

    Hard · Also offered: It is the only one that is not Indo-European, It is the only one that is not official anywhere outside the EU, It is the only one spoken on just one island · Source: European Commission, official languages

  40. In which country is Wadi Rum?

    Jordan

    Wadi Rum is a protected desert landscape in southern Jordan.

    Hard · Also offered: Saudi Arabia, Oman, United Arab Emirates · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  41. Which city is Saint Vincent and the Grenadines' capital?

    Kingstown

    Kingstown is the capital of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

    Hard · Also offered: Castries, Basseterre, Georgetown · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  42. What is the capital of Gabon?

    Libreville

    Libreville is the capital of Gabon.

    Hard · Also offered: Brazzaville, Malabo, Yaoundé · Source: CIA World Factbook: Gabon

  43. Which country contains the archaeological site of Leptis Magna?

    Libya

    Leptis Magna is one of the best-preserved Roman cities anywhere, on Libya's Mediterranean coast. The emperor Septimius Severus was born there and rebuilt it lavishly.

    Hard · Also offered: Tunisia, Algeria, Egypt · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ‘Archaeological Site of Leptis Magna’

  44. What is the capital of Malawi?

    Lilongwe

    Zomba served as the capital until 1975, when the government relocated to the purpose-built Lilongwe. Blantyre remains the country's largest city and commercial hub.

    Hard · Also offered: Blantyre, Zomba, Mzuzu · Source: CIA World Factbook: Malawi

  45. In which country is Tsingy de Bemaraha?

    Madagascar

    Tsingy de Bemaraha's sharp limestone pinnacles are in western Madagascar.

    Hard · Also offered: Comoros, Mozambique, Tanzania · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  46. What is the capital of the Marshall Islands?

    Majuro

    Majuro is the capital of the Republic of the Marshall Islands.

    Hard · Also offered: Suva, Apia, Nuku'alofa · Source: CIA World Factbook: Marshall Islands country profile

  47. What is the capital of Equatorial Guinea?

    Malabo

    Malabo is the capital of Equatorial Guinea.

    Hard · Also offered: Yaoundé, Libreville, São Tomé · Source: CIA World Factbook: Equatorial Guinea

  48. The Niger River's inland delta and its great northern bend past Timbuktu lie in which country?

    Mali

    The Niger rises in the highlands of Guinea and swings north-east into Mali, where it spreads into the vast Inner Niger Delta and reaches its northernmost point near Timbuktu on the edge of the Sahara before curving back south-east towards Niger and Nigeria.

    Hard · Also offered: Niger, Nigeria, Benin · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Niger River"

  49. What is the capital of Lesotho?

    Maseru

    Maseru is the capital of Lesotho.

    Hard · Also offered: Gaborone, Mbabane, Windhoek · Source: CIA World Factbook: Lesotho

  50. What is Eswatini's administrative capital?

    Mbabane

    Eswatini splits its capital role in two: Mbabane holds the executive government while Lobamba, seat of parliament and the royal palace, serves as the legislative and royal capital.

    Hard · Also offered: Lobamba, Manzini, Siteki · Source: CIA World Factbook: Eswatini

  51. On which map projection does Greenland appear about as large as Africa?

    Mercator

    Mercator keeps compass bearings straight, which made it a navigator's map, but it stretches land more and more toward the poles. Africa is really about 14 times the size of Greenland.

    Hard · Also offered: Gall-Peters, Robinson, Mollweide · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, ‘Mercator projection’

  52. In which country is the Cave of the Crystals at Naica?

    Mexico

    The Cave of the Crystals is in the Naica Mine in Chihuahua, Mexico.

    Hard · Also offered: Chile, Peru, Brazil · Source: Naica Project

  53. Transnistria is internationally recognized as part of which country?

    Moldova

    Transnistria is a narrow breakaway strip along the Dniester. It runs its own government, but almost every country still counts it as Moldovan territory.

    Hard · Also offered: Ukraine, Romania, Georgia · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, ‘Transnistria’

  54. What is the capital of Comoros?

    Moroni

    Moroni is the capital of Comoros.

    Hard · Also offered: Victoria, Port Louis, Antananarivo · Source: CIA World Factbook: Comoros

  55. Which country is home to the ancient city of Bagan?

    Myanmar

    Bagan sits on a bend of the Irrawaddy in central Myanmar, where thousands of Buddhist temples and pagodas cover the plain.

    Hard · Also offered: Cambodia, Thailand, Laos · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ‘Bagan’

  56. What is the capital of Chad?

    N'Djamena

    N'Djamena is the capital of Chad.

    Hard · Also offered: Bangui, Juba, Antananarivo · Source: CIA World Factbook: Chad

  57. In which country is Fish River Canyon?

    Namibia

    Fish River Canyon is in southern Namibia.

    Hard · Also offered: South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe · Source: Namibia Wildlife Resorts

  58. What is the capital of Myanmar?

    Naypyidaw

    Naypyidaw has been Myanmar's capital since 2006, when the military government moved the seat of power there from Yangon with almost no warning. It is a purpose-built city of twenty-lane boulevards and ministry compounds, spread over an area many times what its population needs.

    Hard · Also offered: Yangon, Mandalay, Vientiane · Source: CIA World Factbook

  59. In which country is the Tongariro volcanic landscape?

    New Zealand

    Tongariro National Park protects the volcanic landscape of New Zealand's North Island.

    Hard · Also offered: Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  60. What is the capital of Palau?

    Ngerulmud

    Ngerulmud, in Melekeok State on the island of Babeldaob, became Palau's capital in 2006 when the government moved out of Koror. Only a few hundred people live there, making it one of the least populated national capitals in the world.

    Hard · Also offered: Palikir, Majuro, South Tarawa · Source: Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade: Palau

  61. What is the capital of Mauritania?

    Nouakchott

    Nouakchott is the capital of Mauritania.

    Hard · Also offered: Bamako, Niamey, Antananarivo · Source: CIA World Factbook: Mauritania

  62. What is the capital of Tonga?

    Nuku'alofa

    Nuku'alofa is Tonga's capital on the island of Tongatapu.

    Hard · Also offered: South Tarawa, Port Moresby, Ngerulmud · Source: CIA World Factbook: Tonga country profile

  63. Which European microstate traditionally claims the world's oldest surviving republic?

    San Marino

    San Marino traces its foundation to 301 CE on Mount Titano in the Italian Apennines. It is surrounded by Italy and is one of Europe's smallest countries.

    Hard · Also offered: Monaco, Andorra, Liechtenstein · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  64. Which country contains the ancient city of Taxila?

    Pakistan

    Taxila, a centre of Gandharan learning and trade, lies northwest of modern Islamabad in Pakistan's Punjab province.

    Hard · Also offered: India, Afghanistan, Iran · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ‘Taxila’

  65. Which country has more languages spoken within it than any other, at over 800?

    Papua New Guinea

    Rugged terrain kept communities isolated for millennia, producing more than 800 living languages in a country of around ten million people.

    Hard · Also offered: India, Indonesia, Nigeria · Source: Ethnologue

  66. Which country contains the archaeological site of Chan Chan?

    Peru

    Chan Chan, near Trujillo on Peru's northern coast, was the vast adobe capital of the Chimú kingdom before the Inca absorbed it.

    Hard · Also offered: Bolivia, Ecuador, Chile · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ‘Chan Chan Archaeological Zone’

  67. What is the capital of Montenegro?

    Podgorica

    Podgorica is the national capital of Montenegro.

    Hard · Also offered: Tirana, Skopje, Sarajevo · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

  68. What is the capital of Mauritius?

    Port Louis

    Port Louis is the capital of Mauritius.

    Hard · Also offered: Victoria, Moroni, Antananarivo · Source: CIA World Factbook: Mauritius

  69. What is the capital of Cabo Verde?

    Praia

    Praia is the capital of Cabo Verde.

    Hard · Also offered: Bissau, Dakar, Nouakchott · Source: CIA World Factbook: Cabo Verde

  70. Switzerland's fourth official language is spoken by fewer than one per cent of Swiss people. What is it?

    Romansh

    Romansh descends from the Latin spoken in the Roman province of Raetia, and survives in the mountains of Graubunden.

    Hard · Also offered: Ladin, Occitan, Friulian · Source: Swiss Federal Statistical Office

  71. Which city is Dominica's capital?

    Roseau

    Roseau is the capital of Dominica.

    Hard · Also offered: Castries, Basseterre, Kingstown · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  72. In which country is Vredefort Dome?

    South Africa

    The dome is the eroded core of an impact structure that struck about 2.02 billion years ago, one of the oldest impact sites known on Earth. Erosion has stripped away the original crater rim, leaving only the central granite uplift, which UNESCO listed as a World Heritage Site in 2005.

    Hard · Also offered: Namibia, Botswana, Mozambique · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

  73. What is Kiribati's national capital?

    South Tarawa

    South Tarawa is Kiribati's administrative capital on Tarawa Atoll.

    Hard · Also offered: Port Moresby, Nuku'alofa, Majuro · Source: Government of Kiribati, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development

  74. Which city is Grenada's capital?

    St. George's

    St. George's is the capital of Grenada.

    Hard · Also offered: St. John's, Basseterre, Kingstown · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  75. What city serves as Antigua and Barbuda's capital?

    St. John's

    St. John's is the capital of Antigua and Barbuda.

    Hard · Also offered: Basseterre, Kingstown, Castries · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  76. Which city is Bolivia's constitutional capital?

    Sucre

    Sucre has been Bolivia's constitutional capital since 1839 and still houses the Supreme Court. After the civil war of 1899 the presidency and congress moved to La Paz, so the country is governed from one city while its capital is legally another.

    Hard · Also offered: La Paz, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Cochabamba · Source: CIA World Factbook (country profiles)

  77. Which is the only country in South America where Dutch is the official language?

    Suriname

    Known as Dutch Guiana until independence in 1975, Suriname became an associate member of the Dutch Language Union in 2004, alongside the Netherlands and Belgium's Flanders region. Most people actually speak Sranan Tongo, an English-based creole, as a shared everyday language, even though Dutch remains the language used in government and schools.

    Hard · Also offered: Guyana, Brazil, Venezuela · Source: CIA World Factbook

  78. In which country is Lake Natron?

    Tanzania

    Lake Natron is an alkaline lake in northern Tanzania.

    Hard · Also offered: Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia · Source: Tanzania Wildlife Management Authority

  79. Which country contains the ancient city of Ephesus?

    Turkey

    Ephesus was a Greek and later Roman city on the Aegean coast of Anatolia, in what is now western Turkey.

    Hard · Also offered: Greece, Italy, Bulgaria · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ‘Ephesus’

  80. Which country contains the archaeological site of Hattusa?

    Turkey

    Hattusa was the capital of the Hittite Empire. Its walls and lion gate stand on the Anatolian plateau of central Turkey.

    Hard · Also offered: Syria, Iraq, Armenia · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ‘Hattusha: the Hittite Capital’

  81. Which country contains the ancient city of Merv?

    Turkmenistan

    Merv was a great oasis city on the Silk Roads, in what is now southeastern Turkmenistan, until the Mongols destroyed it in the 13th century.

    Hard · Also offered: Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ‘State Historical and Cultural Park “Ancient Merv”’

  82. Which country does the Dnieper River mainly flow through?

    Ukraine

    The Dnieper crosses most of Ukraine before reaching the Black Sea.

    Hard · Also offered: Belarus, Russia, Moldova · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Dnieper River"

  83. Which three countries share the Fergana Valley?

    Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan

    The fertile Fergana Valley is carved up between Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, leaving a tangle of borders and enclaves across Central Asia's most densely populated region.

    Hard · Also offered: Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Afghanistan; Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan; Iran, Iraq, and Syria · Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, ‘Fergana Valley’

  84. Which country contains the ancient city of Samarkand?

    Uzbekistan

    Samarkand was one of the great Silk Road cities and Timur's capital. It lies in present-day Uzbekistan.

    Hard · Also offered: Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ‘Samarkand – Crossroad of Cultures’

  85. In which Swiss canton is the Aletsch Glacier?

    Valais

    The Aletsch Glacier is located in the Swiss canton of Valais.

    Hard · Also offered: Bern, Uri, Graubünden · Source: Valais Switzerland

  86. What is the official capital of Cote d'Ivoire?

    Yamoussoukro

    The move from Abidjan became official in 1983, chosen because Yamoussoukro was the birthplace of President Felix Houphouet-Boigny; most government functions never actually relocated there. He also built the Basilica of Our Lady of Peace there, consecrated in 1990 and ranked by Guinness World Records as the largest church in the world.

    Hard · Also offered: Abidjan, Bouake, Accra · Source: CIA World Factbook: Côte d'Ivoire

  87. What is the capital of Cameroon?

    Yaoundé

    Yaoundé is the capital of Cameroon.

    Hard · Also offered: Libreville, Malabo, Bangui · Source: CIA World Factbook: Cameroon

  88. Which place serves as Nauru's de facto government seat?

    Yaren

    Nauru has no official capital, but its government offices are concentrated in Yaren District.

    Hard · Also offered: Avarua, Palikir, Nuku'alofa · Source: CIA World Factbook: Nauru country profile

  89. In which country is the Socotra Archipelago?

    Yemen

    The Socotra Archipelago belongs to Yemen and lies in the Arabian Sea.

    Hard · Also offered: Oman, Eritrea, Somalia · Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre

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